Description
34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel Overview
34CrNiMo6 is a high-strength, low-alloy steel known for its excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile strength, impact toughness, and resistance to wear and fatigue. It is a versatile material widely used in demanding applications across various industries, such as automotive, aerospace, and heavy machinery. This alloy steel combines chromium, nickel, and molybdenum to achieve its superior performance characteristics.
Key Features of 34CrNiMo6:
- High Strength: Provides robust performance under high stress and load conditions.
- Good Toughness: Exhibits excellent impact resistance and fracture toughness.
- Wear Resistance: Enhanced by the alloying elements, suitable for components subjected to abrasive conditions.
- Heat Resistance: Maintains its properties at elevated temperatures due to the presence of chromium and molybdenum.
Applications of 34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
34CrNiMo6 is used in a variety of high-performance applications, including:
- Automotive Industry: Components such as crankshafts, gears, and drive shafts that require high strength and durability.
- Aerospace: Parts like landing gear components and structural elements exposed to high stress.
- Heavy Machinery: Components in industrial equipment that need to withstand harsh conditions.
- Oil and Gas: Equipment such as drill rods and couplings that operate under extreme conditions.
Equivalent Grades for 34CrNiMo6
For international compatibility, 34CrNiMo6 is equivalent to several other grades:
| Standard | Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
| DIN | 1.6582 |
| BS | 817M40 |
| AISI/SAE | 4340 |
| UNS | G43400 |
| JIS | SCM440 |
Chemical Composition of 34CrNiMo6
The chemical composition of 34CrNiMo6 defines its mechanical properties and overall performance. The typical composition is as follows:
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.32 – 0.38 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.20 – 0.35 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.40 – 0.70 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.90 – 1.20 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.20 – 0.30 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 1.30 – 1.70 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.025 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.025 max |
Mechanical Properties of 34CrNiMo6
The mechanical properties of 34CrNiMo6 make it suitable for high-stress and high-load applications:
| Property | Value (Typical) |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 850 – 1000 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 650 – 850 |
| Elongation (%) | 12 – 15 |
| Impact Toughness (J) | 40 – 60 (at 20°C) |
| Hardness (HB) | 250 – 300 |
Heat Treatment of 34CrNiMo6
Heat treatment processes are essential for achieving the desired mechanical properties of 34CrNiMo6:
- Annealing: Heat to 860-900°C, hold until uniform, and cool slowly to improve machinability and relieve internal stresses.
- Hardening: Heat to 830-880°C, followed by quenching in oil or water to increase hardness and strength.
- Tempering: After hardening, temper at 500-650°C to reduce brittleness and enhance toughness.
Hardness of 34CrNiMo6
In its hardened and tempered condition, 34CrNiMo6 typically exhibits a hardness range of 250 – 300 HB. This range offers a balance between hardness and toughness, making it suitable for demanding applications.
Physical Properties of 34CrNiMo6
The physical properties of 34CrNiMo6 contribute to its performance in various environments:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm³) | 7.85 |
| Melting Point (°C) | 1425 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 42 |
| Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·K) | 460 |
Forging Properties of 34CrNiMo6
34CrNiMo6 can be forged at temperatures between 1150 – 850°C. After forging, components should be cooled slowly to avoid internal stresses and potential cracking.
Stress Relieving for 34CrNiMo6
To remove residual stresses from machining or deformation, stress relieving should be performed by heating to 600 – 650°C, holding for a sufficient period, and then cooling slowly.
Normalizing 34CrNiMo6
Normalizing involves heating to 850 – 880°C and air cooling. This process refines the grain structure and improves mechanical properties.
Annealing 34CrNiMo6
Annealing requires heating to 860 – 900°C, holding at this temperature, and then slowly cooling in the furnace. This treatment improves machinability and relieves internal stresses.
Machinability of 34CrNiMo6
34CrNiMo6 exhibits good machinability in the normalized or annealed condition. For optimal results, use sharp cutting tools and appropriate machining parameters to enhance tool life and surface finish.
Welding of 34CrNiMo6
Welding of 34CrNiMo6 is feasible but requires careful handling. Preheat to 150 – 250°C to prevent cracking, and consider post-weld heat treatment to ensure the integrity of the weld.
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Mumbai Ahmedabad, Amaravathi, Ambattur, Bangalore, Belgaum, Chennai, Chittoor, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Mysore, Nellore, Hyderabad, Kochi, Mangalore, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Visakhapatnam, Kochi, Kerala, Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka, Ghaziabad Kolkata.
