Description
D3 Grade Introduction:
D3 cold-work tool steel is a high-carbon, high-chromium steel known for its hardness and wear resistance. Unlike other D-series steels, D3 is oil-quenched, making it somewhat brittle during hardening. It contains 1.5 to 2.35% carbon and 12% chromium, offering excellent strength and durability for demanding applications.
D3 Grade Application:
D3 steel is well-suited for tools requiring high strength, good hardenability, and wear resistance. Common applications include:
- Highly Stressed Cutting Tools
- Punching Tools for Thin Sheets
- Shear Blades for Cutting
- Profile Rolls
- Drawing and Deep Drawing Tools
- Stone Processing Tools
- Knives for Paper and Plastics
- Shear Knives for Thin Sheets
- Deep Drawing Tools
- Pressure Pads
- Highly Wear-Resistant Plastic Moulds
D3 Equivalent Grades:
| Country | USA | Germany | Japan |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | ASTM A681 | DIN EN ISO 4957 | JIS G4404 |
| Grades | D3 | 1.2080/X210Cr12 | SKD1 |
D3 Chemical Composition:
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| C | 2.00 – 2.35 |
| Si | 0.60 |
| Mn | 0.60 |
| P | 0.03 Max |
| S | 0.03 Max |
| Cr | 11.00 – 13.50 |
| Ni | 0.30 |
| V | 1.00 |
| Cu | 0.02 |
| W | 1.00 |
D3 Mechanical Properties:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Izod Impact (Unnotched) | 28.0 J | 20.7 ft-lb |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.27 – 0.30 | 0.27 – 0.30 |
| Elastic Modulus | 190 – 210 GPa | 27,557 – 30,457 ksi |
D3 Hardness:
- Hardness Range: 58-64 HRC
D3 Heat Treatment:
Heat treatment involves specific temperatures and soaking times, which depend on the shape and size of the steel component. Key considerations include furnace type, quenching medium, and transfer facilities.
D3 Hardening:
For hardening, preheat the steel to 750-800°C. Raise the temperature to 950-980°C, soak thoroughly for thirty minutes per 25mm of the section, then quench or cool as required.
D3 Tempering:
Double tempering is recommended. Perform the first tempering shortly after hardening while the tool is still warm. Heat to the desired temperature, soak for one hour per 25mm of thickness, and repeat for the second tempering.
| Temperature [°C] | Hardness [HRc] |
|---|---|
| 150 | 64-63 |
| 200 | 62-61 |
| 300 | 60-59 |
| 400 | 59-58 |
| 500 | 56-55 |
D3 Physical Properties:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.7 x 10³ kg/m³ | 0.278 lb/in³ |
| Melting Point | 1421°C | 2590°F |
D3 Thermal Properties:
| Property | Conditions | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 20-100°C | 12 x 10⁻⁶/°C | – |
| Thermal Conductivity | – | – | – |
D3 Forging Properties:
Preheat to 900-950°C, then raise the temperature to 1050-1100°C and soak until uniformly heated. Avoid forging below 900°C and ensure initial hammer blows are light. Maintain temperature above 1020°C until the metal begins to flow.
D3 Stress Relieving:
For stress relieving, heat the steel to 600-650°C, soak thoroughly, and cool either in the furnace or air. This process should follow rough machining to minimize distortion.
D3 Normalizing:
After normalizing, the hardness is approximately 55 HRC. This process increases hardness compared to annealing due to the formation of undissolved carbide particles, which may make the steel more brittle.
D3 Annealing:
D3 is usually supplied in an annealed, machinable condition. For re-annealing, heat to 900°C, soak for three to four hours, and cool slowly in the furnace. Reheat to 800-1040°C, soak again for three to four hours, and cool to room temperature.
D3 Density:
- Density: 7.85 kg/cm³
D3 Machinability:
- Machinability: 45-50% of 1% carbon steel
D3 Welding:
Welding D3 tool steel can be challenging due to the risk of cracking. If welding is necessary, follow these guidelines:
- Soft Annealed D3 Steel:
- Preheat to 300-500°C
- Weld at 300-500°C
- Immediately stress relieve
- Use Cr-Mo alloy electrode
- Soft Annealed D3 with Hardening:
- Heat to austenitizing temperature
- Cool to approx. 500°C
- Weld at approx. 500°C
- Cool to approx. 100°C, then temper
- Use hard-facing electrode
- Repair Welding for Hardened and Tempered D3:
- Preheat to the previous tempering temperature (min. 200°C)
- Weld at tempering temperature
- Heat to tempering temperature, soak for 3 hours
- Cool in air to approx. 80°C, then heat to tempering temperature for 2 hours
- Use hard-facing electrode
Supply Cities:
Mumbai Ahmedabad, Amaravathi, Ambattur, Bangalore, Belgaum, Chennai, Chittoor, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Mysore, Nellore, Hyderabad, Kochi, Mangalore, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Visakhapatnam, Kochi, Kerala, Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka, Ghaziabad, Kolkata.
People also search as:
D3 Steel Round Bar, D3 Steel Round Bar Manufacturers, D3 Steel Suppliers, D3 Stockist, D3 Steel Dealers, D3 Steel Distributors, D3 Wholesalers, D3 Steel Traders, D3 Steel Square Distributors, D3 Steel Flat Bar, D3 Steel Companies Near me.
D3, D3 Steel, D3 Chemical composition, D3 Mechanical properties, D3 Equivalent Grades, D3 Steel plate, D3 Steel sheet, D3 Manufacturers, D3 Suppliers, D3 Dealers, D3 Stockist, D3 Distributors, D3 Wholesalers, D3 Traders.
