Description
P-20 Grade Overview:
P20 is a versatile alloy tool steel known for its good machinability, even in a hardened and tempered state with a Brinell hardness of around 300. It provides an excellent polished finish, making it widely used in the manufacturing of machine-cut plastic molds and casting dies. P20 steel is typically supplied in a hardened and tempered condition, making it ready for machining with good wear resistance. For enhanced surface hardness, case hardening or nitriding can be applied. A sulfur-enriched version, P20S, improves machinability, while the P20N (1.2738) variant offers better through hardenability for larger sections.
P-20 Steel Applications:
P20 tool steel is ideal for creating plastic molds and is frequently used in the following applications:
- Die holders
- Zinc die casting dies
- Backers and bolsters
- Injection molds
- Shafts, rails, and wear strips
P-20 Equivalent Grades:
| Country | USA | Germany | GB/T |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | ASTM A681 | DIN EN ISO 4957 | GB/T 1299 |
| Grades | P20 | 1.2311 | 3Cr2Mo |
Chemical Composition of P-20 Steel:
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.28 – 0.40 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.20 – 0.80 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60 – 1.00 |
| Phosphorus (P) | Max 0.03 |
| Sulfur (S) | Max 0.03 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 1.40 – 2.00 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.30 – 0.55 |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.25 |
Mechanical Properties of P-20 Steel:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness, Brinell (typical) | 300 | 33 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C (typical) | 30 | 30 |
| Tensile strength, ultimate | 965 – 1030 MPa | 140,000 – 150,000 psi |
| Tensile strength, yield | 827 – 862 MPa | 120,000 – 125,000 psi |
| Elongation at break (in 50 mm) | 20% | 20% |
| Compressive strength | 862 MPa | 125,000 psi |
| Charpy impact (V-Notch) | 27.1 – 33.9 J | 20 – 25 ft-lb |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27 – 0.30 | 0.27 – 0.30 |
| Elastic modulus | 190 – 210 GPa | 27,557 – 30,457 ksi |
Heat Treatment of P-20 Steel:
P20 steel undergoes carburization at 871 – 899°C (1600 – 1650°F). After carburizing, the steel is hardened by heating to 816 – 871°C (1500 – 1600°F) for 15 minutes, followed by oil quenching.
Hardening of P-20 Steel:
For hardening, heat the steel evenly to 820 – 840°C until thoroughly heated and then quench in oil.
Tempering of P-20 Steel:
Tempering involves heating the steel uniformly and soaking at the tempering temperature for a minimum of one hour per 25 mm section, allowing it to cool in still air.
| Tempering Temperature (°C) | Hardness (HRC) | Tensile Strength (N/mm²) |
|---|---|---|
| 100°C | 51 | 1730 |
| 200°C | 50 | 1670 |
| 300°C | 48 | 1570 |
| 400°C | 46 | 1480 |
| 500°C | 42 | 1330 |
| 600°C | 36 | 1140 |
Physical Properties of P-20 Steel:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ | 0.284 lb/in³ |
Thermal Properties of P-20 Steel:
| Property | Metric | Conditions (T°C) |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal expansion | 12.8 x 10⁻⁶/°C | 20 – 425°C |
Forging of P-20 Steel:
To forge P20 steel, heat it slowly and uniformly, starting at 1050°C. Do not forge below 930°C. After forging, the steel should be cooled very slowly.
Stress Relieving of P-20 Steel:
Stress relieving is recommended after heavy machining. Heat to 460 – 500°C, soak thoroughly, and allow it to cool in air to relieve machining stresses.
Normalizing of P-20 Steel:
P20 steel is normalized at 900°C to improve machinability.
Annealing of P-20 Steel:
P20 steel should be annealed by heating uniformly to 770 – 790°C, then soaking well and cooling slowly in a furnace.
Machinability of P-20 Steel:
P20 tool steel offers excellent machinability, rated at approximately 80% of water-hardening steels.
Welding of P-20 Steel:
P20 steel can be welded using conventional welding methods, ensuring that proper preheating and post-weld heat treatment are applied to avoid cracking.
This alloy tool steel is highly favored for mold-making and offers a balance of toughness, machinability, and wear resistance. Its popularity in the plastic molding industry is due to its ability to be polished to a high finish and its availability in pre-hardened conditions.
Supply Cities:
Mumbai Ahmedabad, Amaravathi, Ambattur, Bangalore, Belgaum, Chennai, Chittoor, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Mysore, Nellore, Hyderabad, Kochi, Mangalore, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Visakhapatnam, Kochi, Kerala, Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka, Ghaziabad Kolkata.
People also search as:
P-20 Steel Round Bar, P-20 Steel Round Bar Manufacturers, P-20 Steel Suppliers, P-20 Stockist, P-20 Steel Dealers, P-20 Steel Distributors, P-20 Wholesalers, P-20 Steel Traders, P-20 Steel Square Distributors, P-20 Steel Flat Bar, P-20 Steel Companies Near me.
P-20, P-20 Steel, P-20 Chemical composition, P-20 Mechanical properties, P-20 Equivalent Grades, P-20 Steel plate, P-20 Steel sheet, P-20 Manufacturers, P-20 Suppliers, P-20 Dealers, P-20 Stockist, P-20 Distributors, P-20 Wholesalers, P-20 Traders.
