Description
M35 Grade Overview:
M35 is a high-speed steel that belongs to the molybdenum group of tool steels (Group M) according to the AISI classification. This steel contains cobalt, which enhances its hardness and red hardness, making it suitable for high-performance cutting tools. Molybdenum high-speed steels have similar performance compared to tungsten-based steels, but are more economical. Coatings like titanium nitride and titanium carbide, applied via physical vapor deposition (PVD), can further improve tool performance and longevity.
M35 Steel Applications:
M35 is widely used for high-performance cutting tools, particularly where heat and wear resistance are essential. Typical applications include:
- Cutters
- Broaches
- End milling cutters
- Punches
- Reamers
- Screw dies
- Complex shape tools
M35 Equivalent Grades:
| Country | USA | Germany | Japan |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | ASTM A600 | DIN EN ISO 4957 | JIS G4403 |
| Grades | M35 | 1.3243 / HS6-5-2-5 | SKh65 |
Chemical Composition of M35 Steel:
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.93 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 4.2 |
| Cobalt (Co) | 4.9 |
| Iron (Fe) | 76.52 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 5.0 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.3 |
| Tungsten (W) | 6.25 |
| Vanadium (V) | 1.9 |
Mechanical Properties of M35 Steel:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (Rpo2) | 419 MPa | 60,792 psi |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 481 MPa | 69,739 psi |
| Elongation (A) | 12% | 12% |
| Reduction of Area (Z) | 34% | 34% |
| Brinell Hardness | 260 HBW | 260 HBW |
Hardness of M35 Steel:
| Condition | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Rockwell C (oil quenched at 1232°C, 5 min) | 64.8 | 64.8 |
| Rockwell C (oil quenched at 1177°C, 5 min) | 65.2 | 65.2 |
| Rockwell C (oil quenched at 1204°C, 5 min) | 65.2 | 65.2 |
M35 Heat Treatment:
The heat treatment of M35 involves controlled heating, cooling, and soaking times based on the component’s size and shape. The hardening temperature for M35 is typically between 1050°C and 1250°C, depending on the type of work being treated. Vacuum or controlled furnaces are recommended for optimal results, with a preheat at 450-500°C and a final heat to 820-870°C.
M35 Hardening:
To achieve the best results, harden M35 in a vacuum or controlled furnace, or in a rectified salt bath. Preheat thoroughly in two stages: first to 450-500°C, then to 820-870°C before quenching in oil.
M35 Tempering:
Tempering is done between 510°C and 620°C. Triple tempering is recommended, with a minimum of two hours per cycle at the specified temperature. The component should cool to room temperature between tempering cycles.
| Tempering Temperature (°C) | Hardness (HRc) |
|---|---|
| 540°C | 67 |
| 560°C | 66 |
| 580°C | 65 |
Physical Properties of M35 Steel:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 8.14 g/cm³ | 0.294 lb/in³ |
Thermal Properties of M35 Steel:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| CTE, linear (21–399°C) | 11.4 μm/m°C | 6.33 μin/in°F |
| CTE, linear (21–593°C) | 11.5 μm/m°C | 6.39 μin/in°F |
M35 Forging:
M35 steel should be preheated slowly to 450-500°C before raising the temperature more rapidly to the forging range of 950-1100°C. Equalize before forging and ensure the temperature doesn’t fall below 950°C during the process. Cooling must be slow after forging.
M35 Stress Relieving:
To relieve machining stresses, heat M35 steel to 600-700°C and soak for approximately two hours. Cool slowly in the furnace before performing the final heat treatment.
M35 Normalizing:
M35 is supplied in an annealed condition. Re-annealing is necessary only if the steel has been hot worked, forged, or hardened. Heat to 850°C at a rate no greater than 220°C per hour and allow it to cool slowly in the furnace.
M35 Annealing:
Anneal M35 by heating to 850°C, holding for one hour per 25mm of thickness, with two hours being the minimum. Cool slowly in the furnace. The hardness after annealing should be no more than 260 Brinell.
Machinability of M35 Steel:
M35 can be worked using conventional methods like plastic forming, machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), welding, and polishing. Machining is typically carried out using carbide or high-speed steel tools, and grinding must be done carefully to avoid altering the temper of the steel.
Welding of M35 Steel:
Welding M35 requires special procedures, including preheating and filler materials that match the base material composition to avoid cracking.
Supply Cities:
Mumbai Ahmedabad, Amaravathi, Ambattur, Bangalore, Belgaum, Chennai, Chittoor, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Mysore, Nellore, Hyderabad, Kochi, Mangalore, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Visakhapatnam, Kochi, Kerala, Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka, Ghaziabad Kolkata.
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