EN9 Carbon Steel: Properties, Composition, Applications & Price in India
EN9 carbon steel, also known as 070M55, is a medium carbon steel grade with higher strength and hardness than EN8, making it suitable for components requiring greater tensile strength and wear resistance. EN9 offers excellent response to heat treatment and is widely used for shafts, keys, spindles, and gears across various mechanical and automotive industries.
In this detailed blog, we’ll cover the chemical and mechanical properties, equivalent grades, heat treatment process, applications, and EN9 steel prices and suppliers in India.
🔍 What is EN9 Carbon Steel?
EN9 is a medium-carbon steel grade under the BS970 standard, offering a higher carbon content (~0.55%) than EN8. It provides superior hardness, better tensile strength, and moderate wear resistance after appropriate heat treatment.
EN9 is often supplied in hot rolled, normalized, or hardened and tempered conditions, depending on end-use requirements.
🧪 Chemical Composition of EN9 Steel
| Element | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.50 – 0.60 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.50 – 0.80 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.05 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.05 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.05 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
🔍 The higher carbon content allows EN9 to achieve high surface hardness when hardened and tempered.
⚙️ Mechanical Properties of EN9 Steel
| Property | Typical Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 600 – 800 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 350 – 500 MPa |
| Hardness (HB) | 180 – 280 (annealed) |
| Hardness (HRC) | Up to 55 (heat treated) |
| Elongation | ~10 – 14% |
| Impact Toughness | Moderate |
💡 EN9 steel offers a strong balance between hardness and ductility, especially when tempered.
🔥 Heat Treatment of EN9
EN9 is highly responsive to heat treatment for improving strength and wear resistance:
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Hardening: 780–820°C, oil quenching
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Tempering: 180–300°C for optimal toughness
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Normalizing: 840–870°C, air cooled to refine structure
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Annealing: 680–700°C for improved machinability
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Surface Hardening: Induction or flame hardening up to ~55 HRC
⚠️ Due to its high carbon content, EN9 has low weldability and should be welded with pre-heating and post-weld heat treatment.
🧰 Applications of EN9 Carbon Steel
EN9 is widely used for medium to high strength mechanical components that experience friction, torque, and mechanical loading.
✅ Typical Applications:
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⚙️ Gear shafts and crankshafts
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🔧 Keys and studs
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🧱 Pins, axles, and levers
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🛠️ Machine parts and rollers
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🚗 Automotive drive parts
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🦾 Hydraulic and lifting components
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⚙️ Precision turned parts in tool rooms
📌 EN9 is preferred where better wear resistance and higher strength are needed compared to EN8.
🔁 Equivalent Grades of EN9
| Standard | Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
| BS970 | EN9 / 070M55 |
| AISI/SAE | SAE 1055 |
| DIN | C55 / 1.1203 |
| IS (India) | 55C8 |
| JIS | S55C |
🌍 EN9 is globally used and recognized under various national standards.
📦 EN9 Carbon Steel Available Forms
EN9 steel is available in a wide range of forms and surface finishes, including:
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Bright Round Bars
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Black Round Bars
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Peeled and Ground Bars
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Hex Bars and Flats
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Forged Bars and Billets
📏 Diameter Range: 12 mm to 400 mm
📏 Length: 3 to 6 meters (custom cuts available)
🧽 Finish Options: Bright, Peeled, Turned, Black
💰 EN9 Carbon Steel Price in India (Indicative)
| Product Form | Price Range (INR/kg) |
|---|---|
| EN9 Bright Round Bar | ₹95 – ₹125 |
| EN9 Forged Round Bar | ₹90 – ₹120 |
| EN9 Peeled Bar | ₹100 – ₹135 |
| EN9 Black Bar | ₹85 – ₹110 |
📌 Prices vary based on finish, size, length, quantity, and delivery location.
🧭 Top EN9 Carbon Steel Suppliers in India
Here are some leading stockists and distributors of EN9 steel:
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Triton Alloys Inc., Mumbai
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Bright Steel Centre, Maharashtra
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Virwadia Steels, Chennai
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Mohan Steels, Delhi NCR
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Bhansali Inc., Gujarat
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Jindal Steel & Power
✅ Request Mill Test Certificates (MTC) and specify heat treatment condition (annealed, normalized, or hardened) when placing orders.
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✅ Conclusion
EN9 carbon steel is a reliable medium-carbon steel grade ideal for applications requiring greater strength and hardness than EN8. With its good response to heat treatment, excellent machinability, and availability in multiple forms, EN9 remains a preferred choice for engineers, manufacturers, and toolmakers across India.
Whether you’re producing shafts, gears, axles, or machine components, EN9 provides a cost-effective, high-performance solution for demanding engineering environments.
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