Description
ASTM SA105 Grade Introduction:
ASTM SA105 is a carbon steel specification for forged fittings and piping components like flanges, elbows, tees, and couplings. It is known for its high strength and good machinability. These forged components are widely used in piping systems for industrial purposes, offering excellent corrosion resistance and durability.
ASTM SA105 Grade Application:
SA105 carbon steel is used in piping applications such as:
- Flanges
- Fittings (e.g., 45° and 90° elbows, tees, couplings)
ASTM SA105 Equivalent Grades:
- ASTM A105
- ASTM A350 Gr LF1/LF2
Additional Grades:
MS, EN1A, EN3B, EN8, EN8D, EN9, EN24, EN31, EN32B, EN36C, IS2062, 42CrMo4, HCHCR, D2, D3, H-11, H-13, SCM420, SAE1018, SAE4140, C45, 20MnCr5, and others.
ASTM SA105 Chemical Composition:
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.35 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.10-0.35 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60-1.05 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.035 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.04 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤0.12 |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤0.4 |
| Vanadium (V) | ≤0.08 |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤0.4 |
| Chromium (Cr) | ≤0.3 |
ASTM SA105 Mechanical Properties:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (min) | 485 MPa | 70 ksi |
| Yield Strength (min) | 250 MPa | 36 ksi |
| Elongation (min) | 22% | 22% |
| Reduction of Area (min) | 30% | 30% |
| Hardness (Brinell) | 137-187 | 137-187 |
ASTM SA105 Hardness:
- Brinell Hardness: 137-187 HBW
ASTM SA105 Heat Treatment:
While heat treatment is not required for all ASTM SA105 carbon steel forgings, exceptions are made to improve mechanical properties. Typical heat treatments include:
- Annealing (A)
- Normalizing (N)
- Normalizing and Tempering (NT)
- Quenching and Tempering (QT)
Normalizing at 950°C for about 2.5 hours is often employed to eliminate internal stresses in the forging.
ASTM SA105 Hardening:
Hardening is achieved by heating at 850-870°C, followed by oil quenching.
ASTM SA105 Tempering:
Tempering is done at 425-870°C, depending on the required properties.
ASTM SA105 Physical Properties:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (lb/cu.in.) | 0.284 |
| Specific Gravity | 7.9 |
| Specific Heat (Btu/lb/°F) | 0.107 |
| Melting Point (°F) | 2740 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 360 |
| Modulus of Elasticity (Tension) | 30 |
| Modulus of Elasticity (Torsion) | 11 |
ASTM SA105 Thermal Properties:
- Thermal Conductivity: 360 W/m.K
ASTM SA105 Forging Properties:
Forging temperatures range from 1150°C to a maximum of 925°C, with actual forging temperatures determined by the complexity of the part.
ASTM SA105 Stress Relieving:
Stress relieving is done below the tempering temperature, typically at 50°C.
ASTM SA105 Normalizing:
Normalizing is done at 830-850°C, followed by air cooling.
ASTM SA105 Annealing:
Annealing is performed by cooling the forged part to below 1000°F and then reheating to between 1550°F and 1700°F, followed by slow furnace cooling.
ASTM SA105 Density:
- Density: 0.284 lb/in³
ASTM SA105 Machinability:
ASTM SA105 steel has good machinability, similar to other low alloy steels.
ASTM SA105 Welding:
SA105 steel is weldable using conventional welding methods. However, post-weld heat treatment may be necessary depending on the application.
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