Description
EN8D Grade Introduction:
EN8D is a medium carbon steel known for its higher strength and hardness compared to low carbon grades. This steel has good machinability and is favored for its ability to respond well to forging and heat treatment processes. EN8D is widely used in engineering applications where strength and durability are important. It is often used in components such as gears, shafts, axles, and machine parts. For applications requiring even better properties, alloy steels may be preferred.
EN8D Grade Application:
EN8D is used in a variety of engineering applications, including:
- Gears
- Shafts
- Axles
- Bolts
- Studs
- Crane wheels
- Machine parts
EN8D Equivalent Grades:
- Internal Standard: EN8D
- BS: 080A40
- DIN: CK45
- IS: 45C8
- EN: EN8D
- SAE/AISI: 1040, 1045
EN8D Chemical Composition:
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.40-0.45 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.70-0.90 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.045 Max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.045 Max |
EN8D Mechanical Properties:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Max Stress | 700-850 N/mm² | 101,500-123,250 psi |
| Yield Stress | 465 N/mm² Min (up to 19mm LRS) | 67,500 psi Min (up to 19mm LRS) |
| 0.2% Proof Stress | 450 N/mm² Min (up to 19mm LRS) | 65,250 psi Min (up to 19mm LRS) |
| Elongation | 16% Min (12% if cold-drawn) | 16% Min |
| Impact KCV | 28 Joules Min (up to 19mm LRS) | 20.7 ft-lb Min (up to 19mm LRS) |
| Hardness | 201-255 Brinell | 201-255 HB |
EN8D Hardness:
- Brinell Hardness: 180-220 HB
EN8D Heat Treatment:
- Hardening: Heat to 820-860°C (1508-1580°F), then quench in oil or water.
- Tempering: Temper at 550-660°C (1022-1220°F). Heat to the tempering temperature and soak for one hour per 25mm of thickness, then cool in air.
EN8D Physical Properties:
| Property | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 620 MPa | 90,000 psi |
| Yield Strength | 345 MPa | 50,000 psi |
| Elongation (in 50 mm) | 20% | 20% |
| Reduction of Area | 30% | 30% |
| Brinell Hardness | 180-220 | 180-220 HB |
EN8D Thermal Properties:
- Thermal Conductivity: Typically around 50 W/m·K (depends on specific heat treatment and processing).
EN8D Forging Properties:
- Forging Temperature: Preheat carefully, then forge at 1050°C. Do not forge below 850°C. Cool slowly after forging, preferably in a furnace.
EN8D Stress Relieving:
Stress relieving is performed at 600-650°C followed by slow cooling.
EN8D Normalizing:
Normalize at 830-860°C (1526-1580°F), then cool in air.
EN8D Annealing:
Anneal by heating slowly to 680-710°C, soak well, and then cool slowly in the furnace.
EN8D Density:
- Density: Approx. 7.85 g/cm³
EN8D Machinability:
EN8D has good machinability due to its carbon content and free-cutting nature.
EN8D Welding:
Modern EN8D can be welded up to 18mm thick without preheating using MIG wire (SG2) or a 7018 electrode. For thicknesses over 18mm, preheating to 100°C (212°F) is required to prevent cracking, and annealing afterward is recommended to avoid breaking.
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